In SQL Server, you can query the database to return the parameters that a Stored Procedure contains. This can be achieved like so:
SELECT p.name AS Parameter, t.name AS [Type] FROM <DATABASE NAME>.sys.procedures sp JOIN <DATABASE NAME>.sys.parameters p ON sp.object_id = p.object_id JOIN sys.types t ON p.system_type_id = t.system_type_id WHERE sp.name = '<STORED PROCEDURE NAME>' AND t.name != 'sysname'
You can change the SELECT to a COUNT(*) if you just want the number of parameters.